Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus
SUBFAMILY
Psittacinae
TAXONOMY
Psittacus hyacinthinus Latham, 1790, Brazil. Monotypic.
OTHER COMMON NAMES
English: Hyacinthine macaw; French: Ara hyacinthe; German:
Hyazinthara; Spanish: Guacamayo Jacinto.
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
39 in (100 cm); weight not recorded. Largest and probably
most spectacular of all parrots. Deep blue plumage, yellow eye
patch and chin, long tapering tail.
DISTRIBUTION
North Brazil to east Bolivia and extreme north Paraguay.
HABITAT
Lightly to moderately wooded country where palm food trees
are present; favors gallery woodland traversing semi-open
lands, especially seasonally inundated grasslands of the Pantanal;
occurs also at margins of moist, lowland forest and in
low, dry scrublands or cerrado with scattered clumps of Mauritia
palms.
BEHAVIOR
At extremities of range seasonal movements influenced by
fruiting of palms, but elsewhere largely sedentary. Usually in
groups of six to 12, and mated pairs or parents with offspring
readily discernible, but singly or in pairs during breeding season.
Noisy and conspicuous, especially in flight, and when disturbed
rises up from treetops to circle overhead while
screaming loudly; rests quietly in uppermost branches during
heat of the day, paired birds sitting together and allopreening
frequently; long-distance flights between nighttime roosts and
feeding areas at great height, pairs normally traveling together,
one beside and slightly behind its mate, and long, streamer-like
tail giving distinctive appearance.
FEEDING ECOLOGY AND DIET
Principally fruits of palms, procured in trees or on the ground
underneath; takes palm seeds from cattle droppings or seeds
remaining after pulp has been eaten by foraging mammals. Ficus
and other fruits sometimes eaten, and recorded taking of
Pomacea snails from shallow ponds.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY
Monogamous. Breeding recorded from July to December. In
northern Brazil nests commonly in crevices in cliff-faces, but
elsewhere in tree hollows, often in dead palm stumps; clutch of
two or rarely three eggs, but normally only one chick reared;
in captivity incubation by female lasted 28–30 days; young bird
fledged at approximately three months.
CONSERVATION STATUS
Endangered and listed on CITES Appendix I. Alarming declines
caused by capture of adults and removal of nestlings for
live-bird trade, exacerbated by land clearance and hunting for
food or feathers. In early 1990s total population estimated at
fewer than 3,000.
SIGNIFICANCE TO HUMANS
Very much in demand as aviary bird; also hunted for food and
feathers.
Copyright © 2016-2017 Animalia Life | All rights reserved