List of Wild Animals

List of Animals

Aardvark
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, zoology The aardvark is the only member of the order Tubulidentata and is found only on the continent of Africa.

Allosaurus
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Evolutionary science, paleontology, physiology Allosaurus is the archetypal allosaurid, and was the dominant carnosaur of the Late Jurassic. Allosaurus is best known from the remains of at least sixty specimens collected at the Cleveland-Lloyd dinosaur quarry in Utah.

Antelope
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, ethology, genetics, physiology More than seventy species of antelope exist, most in Africa but some also in Eurasia and North America.

Ant
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, ecology, entomology, invertebrate biology, physiology, reproductive science,systematics (taxonomy) There are approximately 20,000 species of ants. Ants constitute almost 3 percent of the 700,000 insect species.

Apatosaurus
	Types of animal science: Classification, evolution Fields of study: Anatomy, ecology, evolutionary science, paleontology, systematics (taxonomy) Apatosaurus was a quadrupedal, herbivorous dinosaur with short forelimbs and a long tail and neck. Although often depicted wading in deep water, Apatosaurus actually lived on dry land.

Arachnid
	Types of animal science: Anatomy, behavior, classification, ecology Fields of study: Anatomy, ecology, ethology, invertebrate biology, systematics (taxonomy), zoology Arachnids are ancient members of the phylum Arthropoda and represent some of the first terrestrial animals. Arachnids are mainly beneficial to humans in that they prey upon insects.

Archaeopteryx
	Types of animal science: Classification, evolution Fields of study: Anatomy, evolutionary science, ornithology, paleontology The oldest known bird is the Late Jurassic Archaeopteryx, which is important as evidence for the generally accepted view that birds evolved fromsmall carnivorous dinosaurs through the development of feathers into flight structures.

Anteaters, armadillos, sloths
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, physiology, zoology Anteaters, armadillos, and sloths belong to the order Edentata (without teeth). The order includes the giant anteater and three smaller anteaters, two genera of sloths, and eight genera consisting of twenty species of armadillos.

Eagles
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, ornithology The eagles of the world are swift, powerful birds of prey long admired for their power, ferocity, and regal bearing. All are characterized by a large, hooked bill, keen vision (called “eagle-eyed sight”), and long, broad wings for lifting prey.

Echinoderms
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, invertebrate biology, physiology Echinoderms are radially symmetrical, free-moving marine organisms, such as starfishes, sea urchins, brittle stars, sea cucumbers, and sea lilies.

Eel

Type of animal science: Classification
Fields of study: Anatomy, ethology, marine biology, physiology, zoology
Eels are a variety of fishes possessing an elongate, snakelike body form. Eels inhabit both freshwater and marine environments, and some eel species move back and forth between the two environments at different stages of their life cycles. Although eels are not the most charismatic of aquatic organisms, their life histories make them some of the most fascinating and poorly understood marine animals.

Elephant seal

Type of animal science: Classification
Fields of study: Anatomy, conservation biology, ecology, marine biology, physiology, zoology
Elephant seals are carnivorous marine mammals that spend time on land and in the ocean. There are two distinct species: the northern and the southern elephant seal. Both species have claws on their front flippers and both lack external ears. A trunklike nose anatomically differentiates the males. Blubber provides buoyancy and insulation. Elephant seals swim using their rear flippers.

Elephant
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, behavior, ecology, physiology Found in parts of Africa and Asia, the elephant is the largest land animal, anatomically differentiated by tusks, a trunk, and a massive head. Elephants are herbivores, with distinct behavioral and physical characteristics.

Elk
	Type of animal science: Behavior, classification, ecology Fields of study: Ecology, wildlife ecology, zoology Elk, also known as wapiti, are members of the mammal order Artiodactyla. They are noted for their large antlers.

Camel

Type of animal science: Classification
Fields of study: Anatomy, conservation biology, developmental biology, ethology, physiology, reproduction science
Camels, the one-humped dromedary and the two-humped Bactrian, are well-adapted to the desert regions of Africa, the Middle East and Central Asia, where they are used for transport, milk, and meat. They can live without water longer than other large mammals.

Carnivore
	Type of animal science: Anatomy, behavior, ecology, evolution Fields of study: Anatomy, conservation biology, ecology, ethology, paleontology, wildlife ecology, zoology Carnivores (literally, “flesh eaters”) are one of the most successful orders of mammals. Most species are endangered by human persecution and habitat destruction.

Cat
	Type of animal science:Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, paleontology, physiology, wildlife ecology The cat family contains some thirty-six extant species, usually grouped into four genera. They are native to every continent except Australia and Antarctica.

Cattle, Buffalo, and Bison
	Type of animal science:Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, conservation biology, ethology, physiology, reproduction science, wildlife ecology Cattle and buffalo are the major domesticated oxenlike animals in the world, while bison have never been domesticated, became nearly extinct, and have made a comeback in North America.

Centipedes and Millipedes
	Type of animal science:Anatomy, classification, reproduction Fields of study: Anatomy, invertebrate biology, zoology Over twelve thousand species of the arthropods centipedes and millipedes are known. Centipedes are carnivorous, and millipedes are usually vegetarians.

Chameleon
	Type of animal science: Anatomy, classification, reproduction Fields of study: Anatomy, zoology Chameleons, the family Chamaeleontidae, have long, sticky tongues to capture prey. Other unique characteristics include eyes that operate independently of each other, leaflike body shapes, ability to change skin color, zygodactyly, and prehensile tails.

Cheetah
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, behavior, physiology, reproduction The fastest land mammals, cheetahs originated millions of years ago, before any of the other big cats, but are now an endangered species.

Chimpanzee
	Type of animal science: Anatomy, behavior, classification Fields of study: Anthropology, ethology, zoology Two species of chimpanzees exist and are classified under the order Primates, an order of extreme physical variability and complexity. Chimpanzees are humans’ closest relatives and exhibit significant learned behaviors.

Chicken
	Type of animal science:Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, zoology Chickens are probably the most numerous bird in the world.

Clams and Oysters

Type of animal science:Anatomy, classification, ecology
Fields of study:Anatomy, ecology, marine biology, zoology
The category of clam is confusing, because there are some organisms found in freshwater or marine environments that are termed clams and some that are termed mussels. In sea water, fourteen marine organisms called clams are commercially valuable. Chief among these are the Atlantic surf clam and the ocean quahog. Scientists recognize twelve living genera of oysters but, as more studies are made by classification experts, the actual number may be slightly more or slightly fewer. In the United States, four species are commercially important, with the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, leading the list.

Deep-sea animals
	Type of animal science: Anatomy, ecology Fields of study: Ecology, marine biology The great depths of the sea, below about 150 feet, had always been considered azoic (without animal life). Oceanographic research has shown the ocean supports a large number and diversity of animals in all areas, from the surface to the bottom of the deepest parts, nearly six miles down.

Deer
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, zoology Deer are hoofed, artiodactyl mammals of the family Cervidae, having bony antlers, which are shed and regenerated annually.

Dinosaurs

Type of animal science: Classification, evolution
Fields of study:Anatomy, archaeology, evolutionary science, paleontology, physiology, zoology
Dinosaurs were one of the most successful early life-forms, thriving for more than 150 million years before becoming extinct by the end of the Cretaceous period. The reasons behind their longevity and their sudden extinction hold important implications for humankind’s own survival.

Dog
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, zoology Dogs are carnivorous mammals which belong to the Canidae family and share similar anatomical and behavioral traits with wolves and coyotes.

Dolphins, porpoises, and other toothed whales
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, marine biology, physiology, zoology Toothed whales are cetaceans, suborder Odontoceti. They use teeth to capture cuttlefish, squid, and other prey. Some are endangered species perceived to be quite intelligent.

Donkey
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, evolutionary science, zoology The donkey was domesticated from the African wild ass at least six thousand years ago.

Duck
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, ornithology Ducks are among the most common and widespread of aquatic birds. Like other members of the Anatidae family, they have webbed feet, a boat-shaped body, a dense covering of feathers, and a broad and somewhat flattened bill.

Baboon
	Type of animal science: Anatomy, behavior, classification, ecology, evolution Fields of study: Anthropology, ecology, ethology, evolutionary science, human origins, systematics (taxonomy), wildlife ecology, zoology Baboons are among the most widespread and adaptable of monkeys. Their behavior, ecology, and evolutionary history may shed light on human origins.

Badger
	Type of animal science: Behavior, classification, reproduction Fields of study: Anatomy, classification Badger is a part of Weasel family.

Bat
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, ecology, physiology, wildlife ecology, zoology Over nine hundred species of bats have been identified, classified in the general order Chiroptera, the second largest order of mammals.

Bear
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, conservation biology, evolutionary science, wildlife ecology, zoology Bears are large mammals making up the family Ursidae, that have adapted to habitats as diverse as the sea ice of the Arctic and the bamboo forests of China.

Beaver
	Type of animal science: Classification, ecology Fields of study: Ecology, systematics (taxonomy), wildlife ecology, zoology Beavers were almost wiped out in North America by the fur trade in the nineteenth century. Now thriving in many areas, beavers are a keystone species in their ecosystem because their activities modify habitats dramatically.

Bee
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, entomology, invertebrate biology Over ten thousand species of bees form the order Hymenoptera. Honeybees, the best known, produce honey and beeswax.

Beetle

Type of animal science:Anatomy, behavior, classification, ecology, geography, reproduction
Fields of study: Anatomy, ecology, entomology, reproduction science, zoology
Over 300,000 species of beetles have been identified, classified in the general order Coleoptera, the largest order of animals in the insect world. Beetles constitute more than 40 percent of the 700,000 known insect species.

Brachiosaurus
	Type of animal science: Classification, evolution Fields of study: Anatomy, ecology, evolutionary science, paleontology, systematics (taxonomy) Brachiosaurus was a quadrupedal, herbivorous dinosaur whose role as a high browser in Late Jurassic ecosystems was similar to that of the giraffe today.

Butterflies and moths

Type of animal science:Classification
Fields of study: Anatomy, entomology, evolutionary science, invertebrate biology, physiology
Approximately 17,000 species of butterflies and 153,000 species of moths have been classified in the general order Lepidoptera (insects with scaly wings). They exhibit an incredible variety of color, pattern, shape, and size, as well as the ability to adapt to almost every climate.

Invertebrates

Type of animal science: Classification
Fields of study:Anatomy, developmental biology, ecology, entomology, histology, invertebrate biology, marine biology, physiology
Over 98 percent of all known animal species are invertebrates, animals without backbones. At the base of many food webs, invertebrates provide nutrients to a wide range of other animals on land, underground, and in the seas. The diversity within the invertebrates is amazing, ranging from single-celled protozoans to cephalochordates possessing nerve cords, and claiming close relationship to vertebrates.

Ichthyosaur
	Type of animal science: Anatomy, classification, evolution Fields of study: Anatomy, paleontology Ichthyosaurs are extinct marine reptiles of the Mesozoic era. They were highly adapted to the marine habitat, having evolved a dorsal fin, flippers, and a tail fin. These fleshy features are often preserved in spectacular fossils from the Holzmaden and Solnhofen deposits in Germany.

Finch

Type of animal science: Classification
Fields of study: Anatomy, ornithology, systematics (taxonomy)
The finches are some of the most widespread and successful of all songbirds. Of relatively recent origin and uncertain taxonomic status, they are united in possessing several basic characteristics: All are small, seed-eating songbirds that have a bill adapted for gathering, holding, and, in some cases, crushing seeds.

Flamingo
	Type of animal science: Anatomy, classification Fields of study: Anatomy, ornithology, zoology Eight flamingo types exist, all beautiful red, pink, or white water birds. Hunted to near extinction in the United States, they inhabit Europe, Africa, Asia, South America, and the West Indies. A great threat to flamingos everywhere is pollution and destruction of their habitats

Flatworms
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, invertebrate biology, physiology Flatworms are wormlike animals with a single major opening to the gut. Many are parasitic for at least part of their life cycle.

Fly
	Type of animal science: Anatomy, classification, reproduction Fields of study: Anatomy, entomology Flies are members of the order Diptera, two-winged insects, of which there are 95,000 species. Flies are related to the other dipterans, the mosquitoes.

Fox
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, ecology, evolutionary science, physiology, reproduction science, systematics (taxonomy), wildlife ecology, zoology There are approximately twenty-one species of fox, in the order Carnivora. Foxes constitute only 0.5 percent of the four thousand mammalian species, but play a very important role in the environment.

Frogs and Toads

Type of animal science: Anatomy, classification
Fields of study: Anatomy, conservation biology, herpetology, systematics (taxonomy)
The more than four thousand living species of frogs and toads are classified in the order Anura. Most species have a biphasic life cycle, in which a larval stage, the tadpole, develops in water (or land, in some species) and undergoes an abrupt metamorphosis into the adult body form.

Hadrosaur
	Type of animal science: Classification, evolution Fields of study: Anatomy, evolutionary science, paleontology, systematics (taxonomy) Hadrosaurs are a group of bipedal dinosaurs that were the most diverse and widespread large-bodied herbivores of the Late Cretaceous. The presence of eggs and nests provides evidence for hadrosaur social behavior.

Hawk

Type of animal science: Classification
Fields of study: Anatomy, ornithology
Hawks are a diverse group of birds adapted to exploit a wide variety of habitats, prey, and climatic conditions. All hawks are distinguished by sharp, strongly hooked bills, a fleshy cere, and strong legs with sharp talons. Most are active and efficient hunters that use their keen vision to target and track suitable prey.

Herbivore
	Type of animal science: Anatomy, classification, ecology, reproduction Fields of study:Anatomy, ecology, zoology Herbivores, animals which eat only plants, include insects and other arthropods, fish, birds, and mammals. They keep plants from overgrowing and are food for carnivores or omnivores.

Hippo
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, wildlife ecology, zoology The Hippopotamidae family has two genera, each with a single species. The two genera differ greatly in size, but both are characterized by a round tubular body, short stocky legs, broad snout, and a very large mouth.

Horses and Zebras
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, wildlife ecology, zoology The Horses and Zebraspotamidae family has two genera, each with a single species. The two genera differ greatly in size, but both are characterized by a round tubular body, short stocky legs, broad snout, and a very large mouth.

Horseshoe crab
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, invertebrate biology, marine biology, systematics (taxonomy) Horseshoe crabs are not crabs at all, being more closely related to spiders and scorpions. They have been around for at least 400 million years—before dinosaurs walked the earth—and have changed relatively little in that time.

Hummingbird

Type of animal science: Anatomy, behavior, classification, physiology, reproduction
Fields of study: Ornithology, physiology, population biology, wildlife ecology
Hummingbirds are found only in North and South America. Classified in the general order Apodiformes, they have unique coloration and many of their feathers are iridescent. The rapid beating of their wings, which enables them to hover, produces a distinctive, recognizable hum.

Hyena
	Type of animal science: Classification, ecology, reproduction Fields of study:Anatomy, ecology, zoology Hyenas are wolflike carnivore-scavengers whose useful ecological functions derive from their diet of carrion and live animals from termites to antelope.

Hyrax
	Type of animal science: Anatomy, classification, reproduction Fields of study:Anatomy, zoology Hyraxes, rabbit-sized, furry mammals, look like rodents but are more closely related to elephants. Their foot pads optimize traction on rocks and in trees.

Kangaroo
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, conservation biology, ethology, physiology, reproduction science, wildlife ecology Kangaroos, comprising six species, are the largest marsupials. They evolved as the major grazing animals in Australia. Alone among large vertebrates, they hop as their preferred form of locomotion.

Koala
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, physiology, zoology Koalas are solitary animals existing on a low-energy diet of eucalyptus leaves. Since koalas are marsupials, the females have a pouch where their young develop. They are the sole member of the family Phascolarctidae.

Goose
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, ornithology, physiology, zoology Geese are migratory water birds. Over two dozen species of geese have been identified; seven live in North America.

Giraffe
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, behavior, ecology, physiology Giraffes are even-toed, herbivorous mammals that are found exclusively in Africa. They have long necks and legs, and distinctive brown patches all over their bodies.

Goat
	Type of animal science: Anatomy, classification, reproduction Fields of study: Anatomy, zoology Goats, artiodactyls similar to sheep, can live on hills and mountains where sheep would starve. They were domesticated to provide meat, milk, and leather.

Gopher
	Type of animal science: Anatomy, classification, reproduction Fields of study: Anatomy, zoology Gophers are small, burrowing rodents with fur-lined cheek pockets. When they eat bulbs and roots they become agricultural pests, damaging crops.

Gorilla
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy Gorillas, the largest, rarest, most powerful apes, are shy vegetarians living in bands in the wild. They have language and are an endangered species.

Grasshopper
	Type of animal science: Anatomy, classification, reproduction Fields of study: Anatomy, entomology, invertebrate biology Grasshoppers, leaping insects of the order Orthoptera, include long-horned and short-horned species. They eat grasses and shrubs, as well as agricultural crops, and some human societies eat them.

Grizzly bear
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, conservation biology, physiology, reproduction science, wildlife ecology Grizzly bears are a kind of brown bear found in inland North America. Brown bears den during the winter and their reproduction includes a period of delayed implantation. While many brown bears are found in the world, their numbers have been decreasing.

Jaguar
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, physiology, wildlife ecology Jaguars are the largest cats found in North or South America, originally occupying a wide diversity of habitats from the southwestern United States to Patagonia.

Jellyfish
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, invertebrate biology, marine biology, physiology Over two hundred species of jellyfish are known; they are abundant, especially in shallow, warm, or subtropical waters. The jellyfish body plan is simple, but they possess unique stinging structures that are used for foraging and defense.

Mammoth
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, genetics, paleontology, zoology Mammoths were prehistoric herbivorous mammals that became extinct approximately 10,000 to 3,800 years ago.

Manatee

Type of animal science: Classification
Fields of study: Conservation biology, ethology, evolutionary science, marine biology, physiology, population biology, wildlife ecology, zoology
Manatees are aquatic, herbivorous animals of the order Sirenia that inhabit warm, shallow waterways. Decreasing habitat and other challenges from humans have caused all four of its species to be threatened or endangered.

Marten and Fisher
	Type of animal science: Behavior, classification, reproduction Fields of study: Anatomy, classification Marten and Fisher are close members of Weasel family.

Marine animals

Type of animal science:Ecology
Fields of study:Behavior, marine biology, oceanography, physiology
The world’s oceans contain the largest and most varied array of life forms on earth. The marine environment is divided into coastal, open water, deep-sea, and bottom zones, and the lives of animals living in each of these regions are dictated by the physical conditions present in these zones. Due to the inaccessibility and hostility to human life of most of the ocean environment, much remains to be learned about the biology and ecology of most of the animals living in the marine world.

Marsupial
	Type of animal science: Anatomy, classification, ecology, evolution, geography, reproduction Fields of study: Anatomy, ecology, physiology, zoology Marsupials are a primitive group of mammals that separated early from the dominant group of mammals today, the placentals. Their present strongholds are in Australia, New Guinea, Tasmania, Mexico, Central America, and most of South America.

Meerkat
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Ethology, population biology, wildlife ecology, zoology Meerkats are close relatives of mongooses and are particularly noted for their close, cooperative societies.

Mice and Rats
	Type of animal science: Behavior, classification, ecology Fields of study: Ecology, physiology House mice and Norway rats are found worldwide and almost always are found related to humans and human activities. No other mammals are greater pests than are mice and rats.

Mink
	Type of animal science: Behavior, classification, reproduction Fields of study: Anatomy, classification Mink is a member of Weasel famil, live in North America, Europe and Asia.

Mole
	Type of animal science: Anatomy, classification, reproduction Fields of study: Anatomy, reproduction, zoology Moles spend most of their time in underground burrows, digging for food with specialized front paws. They perform a service to farmers by destroying grubs, caterpillars, and insects.

Mollusk
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study:Anatomy, invertebrate biology, physiology Mollusks, the phylum Mollusca, have soft, boneless bodies. Most also have shells. There are fifty thousand species of mollusks, including snails, oysters, and clams.

Lampreys and Hagfish
	Type of animal science:Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, evolutionary science, physiology, systematics (taxonomy), zoology Jawless vertebrates, or Agnatha, are represented today by the lamprey and hagfish. These organisms are of great interest as the survivors of a once-flourishing group of Paleozoic vertebrates that includes the earliest vertebrates in the fossil record.

Lemur
	Type of animal science: Anatomy, behavior, classification, ecology, evolution Fields of study: Conservation biology, ecology, ethology, zoology Over fifty species of lemurs have been identified and classified in the superfamily Lermuroidea in the Primate order. They have evolved separately from East African and other primates for at least forty million years.

Leopard
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, physiology, zoology Large cats widely distributed over Africa and Asia, leopards have the greatest geographic range of any wild cat, but face severe pressure from humans within many of their natural habitats.

Lion
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, wildlife ecology Lions, celebrated in myth as the King of Beasts, are the second largest of the big cats and the only members of the Felidae family to live and hunt in groups in the wild.

Lizard

Type of animal science: Behavior, classification, ecology, evolution, reproduction
Fields of study: Anatomy, conservation biology, herpetology, physiology, systematics (taxonomy), zoology
More than six thousand species of reptiles have been identified and named. They are classified in the order Squamata, of which slightly more than four thousand are lizards. The remainder are snakes. Technically, snakes comprise one group of limbless lizards. Squamata is the largest order of extant reptiles.

Lobster
	Type of animal science: Anatomy, classification Fields of study:Anatomy, invertebrate biology, marine biology Lobster are joint-legged crustaceans of the phylum Arthropoda. Phylum characteristics include a chitinous exoskeleton, jointed appendages, a ventral nervous system, and a dorsal brain.

Lungfish

Type of animal science: Classification
Fields of study: Anatomy, evolutionary science, paleontology, systematics (taxonomy)
Lungfish are freshwater members of the subclass Sarcopterygii, the fleshy- or lobed-finned fishes. As their name indicates, lungfish have lungs evolved from the swim bladder and can breathe air. Because they are among the fishes most closely related to the tetrapods, they play a crucial if controversial role in the study of vertebrate evolution.

Octopuses and Squid
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Marine biology, zoology Octopuses and squid belong to the order Octopoda, members of which have eight tentacles covered with sucker pads. They have two eyes and a well-developed nervous system and are considered among the most intelligent of all invertebrates.

Omnivore
	Type of animal science: Anatomy, classification Fields of study:Anatomy, entomology, ornithology, marine biology, zoology Omnivores are animals that eat both plants and animals. They are found in all types of animals, including arthropods, fish, birds, and mammals. Omnivore diets may vary seasonally.

Opossum
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, zoology Opossums are omnivorous mammals which are the only native marsupial in North America.

Orangutan
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, conservation biology, wildlife ecology, zoology Orangutans are large apes with orange to reddish-brown shaggy hair. They have very long arms and no tail. They survive solely in the jungles of Borneo and Sumatra, where their habitat has been destroyed to the point that they are listed as a threatened species.

Ostrich
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, ornithology, physiology, population biology The ostrich and its relatives are famous for their exotic appearance and for being flightless birds. They are the oldest type of bird alive today, dating back eighty million years to the age of dinosaurs.

Otter
	Type of animal science: Behavior, classification, ecology Fields of study: Ecology, wildlife ecology, zoology Otters are found in many parts of the world where there is clean, flowing water. Otters are large members of the weasel family, the Mustelidae, which includes mink, skunks, and badgers.

Owl
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, ornithology, physiology, zoology Any of the Strigiformes, a group of birds with highly specialized characteristics for nocturnal activity, including soft feathers and enhanced hearing and eyesight.

Neanderthal

Type of animal science: Anatomy, classification, evolution
Fields of study: AAnthropology, archaeology, evolutionary science, human origins, physiology, systematics (taxonomy)
Neanderthals are the best-known extinct members of the human lineage. It is generally agreed that they were close relatives of modern humans, but the nature of the relationship is vigorously debated. They have been assumed to be a direct ancestor, a diseased member of the species, or an extinct side branch of the family tree.

Panda
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, conservation biology, physiology, reproduction science, wildlife ecology The giant panda, with its distinctive black and white coat, is one of the most easily recognized animals in the world. It is extremely specialized for a bamboo diet. Despite efforts by many conservationists, the panda is highly endangered.

Parrot
	Type of animal science: Anatomy, classification, reproduction Fields of study: Anatomy, ornithology, zoology Parrot species include macaws, cockatoos, true parrots, parakeets, and lories. They are kept as pets for their beautiful coloring and ability to learn to talk.

Pelican
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, ornithology, physiology, population biology, wildlife ecology Pelicans, unmistakable due to their large size, long bills, and enormous throat pouches, have existed for forty million years.

Penguin
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, ornithology, physiology, population biology Penguins, highly specialized for their flightless aquatic existence, have origins dating back sixty million years. Their unique lifestyle and behavior have long fascinated observers.

Pheasant
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, zoology Pheasants are related members of the family Phasianidae.

Pigs and Hogs
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, zoology Pigs are social animals of the genus Sus, living in family groups led by an older female and her offspring. The male likes to be alone except during the breeding season. The female will have between six and twelve babies at a time.

Platypus

Type of animal science: Classification
Fields of study: Conservation biology, embryology, reproduction science, wildlife ecology, zoology
The platypus is one of only three egg-laying mammals and is the only member of its family, Ornithorhynchidae. Its evolution in the relative isolation of Australia has led to such unique characteristics that the first specimen collected was believed to be a hoax.

Polar Bear
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, conservation biology, evolutionary science, wildlife ecology, zoology The polar bear lives in one of the harshest environments on earth: the Arctic. Yet it succeeds through a combination of hunting skill and the ability to store and conserve energy in the form of fat.

Porcupine
	Type of animal science: Behavior, classification, ecology Fields of study: Ecology, wildlife ecology, zoology North American porcupines are large rodents who are vegetarians. These rather clumsy mammals are best known for their prickly quills that can inflict pain and suffering, and even result in death if the quill finds its way to a vital organ.

Praying mantis

Type of animal science: Classification
Fields of study:Ecology, entomology, ethology, invertebrate biology, physiology, population biology, systematics (taxonomy), zoology
All species of praying mantids (or mantises) are predators on other arthropods, but their importance in natural food webs is poorly understood. They have been models for a wide variety of experimental studies on behavior, neurophysiology, and ecology.

Quail
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, zoology Quail are related members of the family Phasianidae.

Rabbits, Hares, and Pikas
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, ecology, evolutionary science, physiology, reproduction science, systematics, wildlife ecology, zoology At least eighty species of rabbits, hares, and pikas have been identified in the order Lagomorpha. Lagomorphs constitute approximately 2 percent of the known four thousand mammalian species.

Raccoon
	Type of animal science: Anatomy, classification, reproduction Fields of study: Anatomy, zoology Raccoons are agile arboreal mammals.

Ratfish
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, systematics (taxonomy), zoology Ratfish is the major subgroup of cartilaginous fishes.

Ray
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, systematics (taxonomy), zoology Cartilaginous fishes constitute one of the seven living classes of vertebrates. There are about seven hundred living species of sharks, rays, skates, and ratfishes in this vertebrate group that has ancient origins.

Reindeer
	Type of animal science: Anatomy, classification, ecology, reproduction Fields of study: Anatomy, zoology Reindeer are deer native to subarctic and arctic regions. Males and females have antlers. Reindeer migrate in herds of up to 200,000. Imported into Alaska and Canada, they are valuable resources.

Rhino
	Type of animal science:Anatomy, classification Fields of study: Anatomy, zoology The five rhinoceros species, in the ungulate family Rhinocerotidae, are among the world’s largest land animals.

Rodents
	Type of animal science:Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, vertebrate biology, physiology About two thousand species of rodents, the gnawing mammals, are classified in the order Rodentia. They are found worldwide, in trees, on the ground, underground, and in partly aquatic environments. Rodents are fur sources, pets, laboratory animals, and pests.

Tasmanian devil

Type of animal science: Anatomy, classification
Fields of study: Anatomy, developmental biology, ecology, evolutionary science, physiology, zoology
The Tasmanian devil is the world’s largest carnivorous marsupial. It is now found only on the island of Tasmania, where it is reasonably common throughout the island and is strictly protected. Its noisy and screechy sounds make it seem much more ferocious than its size might indicate.

Termites

Type of animal science: Behavior, classification
Fields of study: Anatomy, entomology, invertebrate biology, physiology
Termites are cellulose-eating social insects that live in colonies of hundreds to millions of individual members produced by a single king and queen. Termites are highly beneficial to the ecosystem because they break down dead plant material, but some species can become serious pests when they colonize manmade wooden structures.

Tiger
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, conservation biology, genetics, zoology Tigers are carnivorous mammals which are the largest members of the Felidae family. They are an endangered species in all their habitats, and three species became extinct in the twentieth century.

Triceratops
	Type of animal science: Classification, evolution Fields of study: Anatomy, ecology, evolutionary science, paleontology, systematics (taxonomy) Triceratops was a quadrupedal, three-horned herbivore that lived in the western United States at the end of the Cretaceous period and had an ecological role similar to that of the rhinoceros today.

Turkey
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, zoology Turkeys are related members of the family Phasianidae, probably the most numerous family of birds in the world.

Turtle and Tortoise
	Type of animal science: Classification, evolution Fields of study: Evolutionary science, herpetology, systematics (taxonomy) Turtles are reptiles with shells that enclose the major body as well as the girdles to which limbs are attached. Shells not only define turtles, but determine by their structure what lifestyle is available to a particular species.

Tyrannosaurus
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Archaeology, evolutionary science, paleontology The largest terrestrial carnivore, Tyrannosaurus appeared late in the Cretaceous era that ended some sixty-five million years ago.

Ungulate
	Type of animal science: Anatomy, classification, ecology Fields of study:Anatomy, zoology Ungulates are herbivorous, hoofed mammals. Those having an odd number of toes are perissodactyls (such as horses), while those with an even number of toes are artiodactyls (such as cattle). Elephants (proboscids) and rabbitlike hyraxes are also ungulates.

Velociraptor
	Type of animal science: Classification, evolution Fields of study: Anatomy, evolutionary science, paleontology, systematics (taxonomy) Velociraptors are a group of human-sized theropods (carnivorous dinosaurs) that existed during the Cretaceous era in North America and Asia.

Vertebrates

Type of animal science: Anatomy, classification, reproduction
Fields of study: Anatomy, marine biology, ornithology, zoology
Vertebrates, chordate animals with backbones, include fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Although numerically smaller than invertebrates in total population, vertebrates are the largest animals on earth, due to the increased weight-carrying capacity allowed by the spine and endoskeletal system.

Vulture
	Type of animal science: Anatomy, classification, ecology, reproduction Fields of study: Anatomy, reproductive biology, zoology Vultures are large, carrion-eating birds, useful ecologically because decomposing carrion might otherwise endanger the health of humans and animals. Vultures live in Europe, Asia, the Americas, and Africa.

Salamander and Newt
	Type of animal science: Anatomy, classification Fields of study: Anatomy, conservation biology, herpetology, systematics (taxonomy) Nearly four hundred species of salamanders and newts are classified in the order Caudata. The two areas of greatest diversity of species in the world are in the southeastern United States and in Mexico and Central America.

Salmon and Trout
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, ecology, marine biology, reproduction science Salmon and trout are salmonid food and game fishes of the Northern Hemisphere.

Sauropod
	Type of animal science: Classification, evolution Fields of study: Anatomy, evolutionary science, paleontology, systematics (taxonomy) Sauropods are a group of dinosaurs that include the largest land animals that ever existed. Together with the theropods, or carnivorous dinosaurs, they form a group known as the Saurischia.

Scorpions

Type of animal science: Anatomy, classification, ecology
Fields of study: Anatomy, ecology, invertebrate biology, systematics (taxonomy), zoology
Scorpions are one of the most ancient land animals, having evolved over 400 million years ago. There are over 1,300 species of scorpions occurring over every continent except Antarctica. Scorpions are known for their stinging apparatus, but relatively few species pose any danger to humans.

Seahorse

Type of animal science: Classification, reproduction
Fields of study: Anatomy, conservation biology, ethology, marine biology, physiology, reproduction science, wildlife ecology
At least thirty-five species of seahorses, classified in the genus of Hippocampus, live in shallow subtropical coastal areas around the world. They swim in an upright position and have a head suggestive of a horse, a prickly looking body, and a prehensile tail. The male incubates eggs in a pouch in its abdomen and gives birth to live young.

Seal and Walrus
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, ethology, genetics, marine biology, physiology Essentially aquatic, warm-blooded mammals, seals and walruses are widely distributed throughout the world, although most of them gravitate to the colder areas.

Shark
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, systematics (taxonomy), zoology Cartilaginous fishes constitute one of the seven living classes of vertebrates. There are about seven hundred living species of sharks, rays, skates, and ratfishes in this vertebrate group that has ancient origins.

Sheep
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Anatomy, zoology Over nine hundred breeds of sheep have been identified worldwide, and four hundred have significant research data available to allow for distinctive, productive evaluation.

Shrew
	Type of animal science: Anatomy, behavior, classification, reproduction Fields of study: Anatomy, classification, zoology Small, ferocious shrews sometimes have venomous saliva. They are ecologically useful because they eat carrion and harmful insects.

Skunk
	Type of animal science: Anatomy, classification, reproduction Fields of study: Anatomy, zoology Skunks, related to weasels, are known for the vile odor of their musk. They are helpful to farmers, eating animals that prey on agricultural products. Their fur is used for garments and some people keep them as pets.

Wasp and Hornet
	Type of animal science: Anatomy, classification, reproduction Fields of study:Anatomy, entomology, zoology Wasps, stinging insects of the order Hymenoptera, are hornets, which are social species, or mason, digger, carpenter, and mud-dauber wasps, which are solitary species. They help humans by killing insect pests.

Weasel
	Type of animal science: Behavior, classification, reproduction Fields of study:Anatomy, classification Weasel family members live throughout the world, in many different habitats. They include badgers, martens, mink, otters, skunks, weasels, and wolverines. Most are carnivores, and all are hunted for their fur.

Whale Shark

Type of animal science: Classification
Fields of study:Anatomy, behavior, ethology, marine biology, physiology, zoology
The whale shark, Rhincodon typus, is the largest fish species in the world. Like all sharks and rays, its skeleton is composed of cartilage instead of bone. Unlike most sharks, however, the whale shark is a filter feeder, subsisting on plankton that it strains from the water column. Whale sharks are not commonly encountered, and much remains to be learned concerning their biology.

Whale
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study:Anatomy, marine biology, physiology, zoology These huge marine mammals, in the order Cetacea, live in earth’s oceans. All of them use baleen to capture a diet of small sea creatures, and they are the endangered prey of whalers.

White Shark

Type of animal science: Classification
Fields of study:Anatomy, behavior, ethology, marine biology, physiology, zoology
The white shark, Carcharodon carcharias, is the largest predatory fish and has become well known through its media-enhanced reputation as one of the most dangerous of sharks. This large and active shark is found worldwide, principally in temperate and subtropical coastal waters. Despite its fearsome reputation, much remains to be learned about the biology of these remarkable and formidable fish.

Wolf
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study:Anatomy, genetics, zoology Wolves with dogs and coyotes are carnivorous mammals which belong to the Canidae family and share similar anatomical and behavioral traits.

Wolverine
	Type of animal science: Behavior, classification, reproduction Fields of study:Anatomy, classification Wolverines are members of weasel family. They are carnivores, and they are hunted for their fur.

Woodpecker

Type of animal science: Anatomy, behavior, classification, ecology
Fields of study:Anatomy, ornithology, wildlife ecology
Woodpeckers are scansorial (tree-creeping) piciform birds which are found in areas with trees all over the world, except in Madagascar, Australia,NewZealand, and Oceania. They are members of the family Picidae and consist of 215 species, of which 25 are found in North America.

Worms
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study:Anatomy, invertebrate biology, physiology Segmented worms are a class (Annelida) whose body parts are arranged in a longitudinal series of rings, or segments. Many are hermaphroditic.

Zooplankton
	Type of animal science: Classification Fields of study: Ecology, invertebrate biology, marine biology Zooplankton are a free-floating collection of aquatic organisms that are carried by water currents. In contrast to phytoplankton, zooplankton are heterotrophic. Zooplankton is a term that includes organisms from many animal and protist phyla.

List of Animals

Preface

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